Monumanu

Monumanu

Fakafaʻafaʻahinga fakasaienisi

Puleʻanga:

Hingoa kakato lōua

Ko e monumanu ʻi he saienisi ʻo e moʻui ko e taha pē ʻo e puleʻanga tuʻi ʻo e fanga meʻamoʻui ʻe 4 ʻoku fakatefito ki he ngaahi lokiʻimoʻui ʻoku lahi. Ko e ngaahi holisi ʻo honau lokiʻimoʻui ʻoku vaivai pē. ʻOku faingataʻa ʻo fakamatala totonu ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e ngaahi monumanu. Kā ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi monumanu ʻoku ngaue mo mānava mo kai. Ko ʻenau meʻakai ko e ngaahi ʻakau ia (monumanu kai louʻakau) pe ko e fanga monumanu kehe (monumanu kai kanomate).

ʻOku siʻi kehe ʻa e monumanu ʻi he lea fakatonga tukufakaholo — vakai ʻi lalo.

Ko e ngaahi puleʻanga tuʻi ʻo e meʻamoʻui fakalokiʻimoʻui

monumanu (leafakalatina:animalia)
ʻakau (plantae)
talingelinga (fungi)
meʻamoʻuimuʻa (protista)

Ko e fanga meʻamoʻui kehe (taʻelokiʻimoʻui): siemu, vailasi, mo e hā fua

Ngaahi kupu mahuʻinga taha ʻo e puleʻanga tuʻí ni

oma, kana (parazoa) meimei tatau ko honau lokiʻimoʻui kotoa
"toenga" (mesozoa) ʻikai pau, mahalo pē ʻoku ʻikai ʻi ai
monumanu mo e ngaahi konga kehe ʻi loto (eumetazoa) ʻoku ʻi ai hanau ngakau
- monumanu potupotutatau (radiata) ʻoku tatau honau sino ʻi he fua kotoa pē mei he tumuʻaki
  - vahe: kolukalu uʻu (cnidaria) kolukalu, feo, ūmana, …
  - vahe: kolukalu taʻeuʻu (ctenophora) kolukalu siʻi
- monumanu potupotumālie (bilateria) ʻoku tatau hema mo e mataʻu honau sino
  - vahe lahi ange: monumanu ngutu ʻuluaki (protostomata) ko e luo ʻuluaki ʻo e monumanu kei ʻi he foʻimanu (pe kete) ʻoku hoko ki he ngutu, ko e luo hono ua, kapau ʻoku ʻi ai, ʻe hoko ki he ʻusi
    - vahe lahi: monumanu unu (ecdysozoa) ʻunufē, hina, uo, paka, …
    - vahe lahi: monumanu maʻukave (lophotrochozoa) feke, ʻatalava, kelemutu, …
  - vahe lahi ange: monumanu ngutu hono ua (deuterostomata) ko e luo ʻuluaki ʻo e monumanu kei ʻi he foʻimanu (pe kete) ʻe hoko ki he ʻusi, ko e luo hono ua ʻe hoko ki he ngutu
    - vahe lahi: monumanu kili talatala (echinodermata) vana, vatuke, alamea, …
    - vahe: monumanu filo siliva (chordata) ika, manupuna, manuveʻefā, …

Vahevahe kehe

monumanu unu

ʻOku ʻi ai ha vahevahe faingofua ange, ʻoku fili ʻe he kau saienisi ʻe taha:

oma, kana (parazoa)
monumanu potupotutatau (radiata)
- mo ʻene ongo vahe (phyla) tatau mei ʻolunga.
monumanu potupotumālie (bilateria)
- vahe lahi ange: monumanu ngutu ʻuluaki ( protostomata)
  - vahe lahi: monumanu unu (ecdysozoa) ʻunufē, hina, ʻuo, paka, …
  - vahe lahi: monumanu maʻukave (lophotrochozoa) feke, ʻatalava, kelemutu, …
- vahe lahi ange: monumanu ngutu hono ua (deuterostomata)
  - vahe: monumanu kili talatala (echinodermata) vana, vatuke, alamea, …
- vahe: monumanu filo siliva (chordata) ika, manupuna, manuveʻefā, …

Tokanga

Tānaki ʻa e monumanu luo (coelenterata): ko e oma mo e monumanu potupotutatau ia.

Ko e ngaahi māʻolunga (vahe lahi, vahe, vahe siʻi) ʻoku kehe ʻi he ngaahi manga vahevahe ʻe niʻihi

Ngaahi kupu tukufakaholo ʻi Tongá ni

ʻOku siʻi kae maau ʻa e vahevahe ʻo e ngaahi meʻamoʻui he onoʻaho:

manu — naʻe ngāueʻaki pē maʻa e manu nofo ʻi fonua, ʻikai ha ika mo e fingoata
- manupuna — ʻoku foki kau ki ai ʻa e ngaahi ʻinisēkite
- manu veʻefā — fanga manu lahi ʻi fonua
ika — ko e manu nofo ʻi tahi, kau ki ai ko e fonu mo e tofuaʻa, kae ʻikai ko e toke mo e kolukalu
fingota — ko e toenga ʻo e meʻa moʻui nofo ʻi tahi: toke, kolukalu, oma, loli, alamea, mo e limutahi foki

Ko e foʻi lea monumanu naʻe ʻikai ngāueʻaki he onoʻaho, ka ko lea fakamanuki pē. English translation available: Go